M.Sc. BOTANY PG ENTRANCE 2021- Question Paper PDF with Detailed Key Answers

    Here below we provided you with the MSC BOTANY PG ENTRANCE 2021 Question Paper PDF with Detailed Key Answers. The M.Sc Botany PG Entrance Exams were conducted by Karnatak University Dharwad in the month of October 2021. And the exams for M.Sc. Botany, Zoology, Microbiology, Biotechnology are conducted as per the schedule. Now the students who have written the exams are waiting for the results and the Karnatak University PG Entrance Key Answers which will be available soon. 

M.Sc. BOTANY PG ENTRANCE 2021- Question Paper PDF with Detailed Key Answers  

    Before the official Key Answers were out here we provided the Karnatak University PG Entrance Key Answers for the M.Sc. Botany subject with detailed explanation for the answers. You can also check out the Karnataka University PG Entrance Question Papers in PDF format download. You can check out your OMR copy sheet and calculate the total marks you secured in the entrance exam. 

    The Karnatak University PG Entrance Cut off of last year will also be uploaded in the website soon and furthermore, details of the PG Entrance and M.Sc. course will be uploaded soon.

Karnatak University PG Entrance Key Answers 2021

Detailed Key Answers for M.Sc. Botany Entrance Exam Question Paper 2021

M.Sc. Botany Entrance Exam Question Paper 2021 Key Answers:

1. (C) Volvox

Explanation: Volvox is a unicellular green alga seen in freshwater bodies. It is photosynthetic and makes colonies of around 50,000 cells which are spherical.

2. (D) Fucus

Explanation: Mannitol is stored as a food reserve in Fucus. They are common littoral seaweed growing in the hard-rocky areas of the sea.

 3. (D) Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, phycoerythrin and phycocyanin.

Explanation: In Rhodophyceae (red algae), the photosynthetic pigments include Chlorophyll- 0, chlorophyll d, carotenoids and phycobilins (phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin). The red colour is due to r- phycoerythrin.

4. (A) isogametes

Explanation: Ulothrix belongs to class Chlorophyceae of division Thallophyta. The plant body consists of an unbranched filament, consisting of numerous cylindrical cells joined end to end. It is heterothallic and sexual reproduction is of isogamous type.

5. (B) Brown algae

Explanation: The iodine is derived from the Laminaria digitata brown algae.

6. (C) Basidiomycota

Explanation: Mushrooms, puffballs and certain shelf fungi belong to the division of fungi called Basidiomycota. The group comprises 15,000 known species of fungi and the distinguishing feature present is their club-shaped reproductive organ called the basidium

7. (C). Smuts, rusts and moulds. 

Explanation: Smuts, rusts and moulds are examples of pathogenic fungi

8. (C) Puccinia graminis tritici

Explanation: Puccinia graminis tritici belongs to class Basidiomycetes. It causes black rust of wheat.

9. (A) Sphacelotheca sorghi

Explanation: Sorghum grain ranks 5th in cereals for global production. Covered kernel smut, caused by the fungus Sporisorium sorghi (synonym Sphacelotheca sorghi) attacks all groups of sorghums. It is a versatile crop that can be grown as a grain, forage or sweet crop.

10. (B) Deuteromycetes

Explanation: Deuteromycetes also known as fungi imperfecti is a fungal group in which the sexual phase is not known. These fungi reproduce asexually by spores or budding. The other three groups of fungi show sexual reproductive phases.

11. (B) Sphagnum

Explanation: Sphagnum, Riccia, Polysiphonia, Fucus, Marchantia, Sargassum, Funaria, Porphyra, Porella, Polytrichum are mosses and liverworts respectively

12. (A) Elaters

Explanation: Spore dissemination in some liverworts is aided by elaters. Elater is a water-attracting cell structure found in the capsule of liverworts. It is hygroscopic. Due to its hygroscopic nature, it helps in the dispersal of spores. 

13. (C) A small sporophyte phase, which is dependent on the gametophyte 

Explanation: Bryophyta is a group of thalloid, non-vascular, cryptogams which have gametophytic (haploid phase) as the dominant phase. It bears the diploid sporophytic phase which takes food from the gametophytic phase, thus behaves like a parasite on the gametophyte.

14. (A) Bryophytes

Explanation: Bryophytes are plants that produce spores and embryos but they do not have a vascular tissue system. While rhodophytes and phaeophytes are algae and produce spores (no embryos) only and pteridophytes produce spores, embryos and well developed vascular tissue system.

15. (B) Gametophyte of fern

Explanation: In Pteridophytes, the spores are released and fall to the ground, where they develop into prothallus. This is the gametophyte stage. The prothallus produces antheridia and archegonia. These are exosphoric, flat, green, autotrophic, cordate (heart-shaped), multicellular, short-lived, small reduced, dorsiventral, free-living independent and nonvascular.

16. (C) Pinus

Explanation: Polyembryony is the phenomenon of two or more embryos developing from a single fertilized egg. Polyembryony occurs regularly in many plants and animals, e.g., Pinus.

17. (C) Adventive embryonic

Explanation: Adventive embryony is the process of embryonic development without fertilization. The embryo does not develop from the reproductive cells or the gametes. They may develop from the nucellus or integumentary cells.

18. (C) seed coat

Explanation: In coconut brown covering (thin layer) adherent to the kernel around the endosperm is seed coat. A seed coat protects the internal parts of the seed from fungi, bacteria and insects and prevents water loss. 

19. (B) Primary endosperm nucleus

Explanation: The second male gamete fuses with 2 polar nuclei or secondary nuclei to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleus and this is called triple fusion. This primary endosperm nucleus (3n) ultimately develops into a nutritive tissue for developing an embryo called endosperm.

20. (B) Radicle, plumule, cotyledons and sometimes endosperm

Explanation: Dicot embryo consists of the radicle, plumule, cotyledons and sometimes endosperm. Radicles will develop to form roots, plumule will give rise to shoot and cotyledons will help in providing nourishment to the growing embryo.

21. (B) Actin

Explanation: Microfilaments are ultramicroscopic, long, thin, cylindrical rods or protein filaments of about 6 nm diameter. They are composed of the mainly globular protein actin and have a contractile association with filamentous  protein, myosin which is essential for the contraction of microfilaments

22. (C) DNA ligase 

Explanation: An enzyme that binds the two nucleotides during the DNA replication process in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

23. (B) Hydrolytic activity

Explanation: Lysosome is a membrane-bounded organelle. They are mostly found in animal cells. They contain hydrolytic enzymes like proteases, lipases, and nuclease that are capable of breaking down all types of biological polymers (e.g. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids) that enter the cell or are no longer useful to the cell. When a cell dies, the enzymes released by the lysosomes clears the cell debris and even it can break its proteins by the process of autolysis. Thus, they are referred to as “suicide bags”.

24. (D) Microsome

Explanation: Microsomes are broken pieces of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) often attached with ribosomes. They are obtained when the post-mitochondrial supernatant is subjected to the centrifugal force of 50,000 g for two hours. Microsomal fraction includes microsomes, ER, Golgi bodies, etc.

25. (C) DNA and proteins

Explanation: Chromatin is the material that makes up a chromosome that consists of DNA and protein. The major proteins in chromatin are proteins called histones. 

26. (B) RuBP carboxylase and PEP carboxylase

Explanation: Primary carboxylation in C3 plants is done by RuBP in the presence of the enzyme RuBP carboxylase. In  C4 plants, it is done by the PEP molecule with the help of PEP carboxylase. So the correct option is ‘RuBP carboxylase and PEP carboxylase’.

27. (B) Zeatin

Explanation: Cytokinin is a plant hormone that is primarily connected with cell division. It helps in cytokinesis. Zeatin is a naturally occurring cytokinin that induces cell division. It also delays senescence and breaks dormancy. So, the correct answer is ‘Cytokinin/Zeatin’

28. (A) Phototropism

Explanation: Phytochromes are photoreceptors present in plants that are used to detect light. They are sensitive to the red and far-red wavelengths of light. It is involved in photoperiodism in many flowering plants. It is used to regulate the time of flowering based on the length of day and night.

29. (B) Seismonasty

Explanation: Nastic movements are responses of plant parts to stimuli. Thermonasty is the nastic response of plants in response to changes in temperature. Thigmonasty or seismonasty is the nastic response of a plant to touch or vibration. Shock movements of leaves of Mimosa pudica lead to dropping of leaves due to seismonasty. Chemonasty is the nastic response of a plant to external chemicals. 

30. (A) CAM 

Explanation: CAM plants open stomata during the night allowing carbon dioxide to enter the plant. Carbon dioxide fixation occurs during the night. Carbon dioxide combines with PEP in presence of PEP carboxylase to form oxaloacetate. This is converted into malic acid and is stored in vacuoles during the night. During the daytime, the malic acid comes out of vacuoles and releases carbon dioxide which is utilised to synthesise glucose.

31. (A) Montreal Protocol

Explanation: The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was an international treaty that was organized in 1987. The UN General Assembly celebrate 16th September in memory of the date in 1987 when nations inked the Montreal Protocol.

32. (B) They have high plant nutrient flux.

Explanation: “They have high plant nutrient flux” is not a feature of the Eutrophic lakes

33. (A) Ecotype

Explanation: An ecotype is known as the population of a species that survives as a distinct group through environmental selection and isolation and that is comparable with certain species.

34. (C) Limnetic zone

Explanation: Phytoplanktons are microscopic floating organisms present in the first exposed layer of water, this zone has an abundance of light So, the correct answer is ‘Limnetic zone’

35. (A) Unidirectional

Explanation: Unidirectional flow of energy and cycling of nutrients are the two most basic characteristics of all ecosystems. In most natural ecosystems energy comes from the sun, it is trapped by producers and then passed on to successive trophic levels in the form of food. Thus, along the food chain, there is a loss of energy and only 10 per cent of the energy available at each trophic level is passed on to the next trophic level.

36. (B) Brassicaceae

Explanation: Brassicaceae or mustard family is an economically important family of flowering plants. In Brassicaceae, the stamens are 6 which are arranged in two whorls. The outer two stamens are short and the inner four stamens are long, tetradynamous (4 inner stamens are longer than 2 outer stamens), polyandrous (all the stamens are free), anthers dithecous, basifixed, introrse. So, the correct answer is ‘Brassicaceae’.

37. (D) Papilionaceae

Explanation: Fabaceae or Papilionaceae is a large and economically important family of flowering plants. Vexillary aestivation is seen in members of Fabaceae. In vexillary aestivation, the outermost posterior petal is large which is known as the vexillum or standard, two lateral petals are known as the wings or alae, and the two anterior and innermost petals are united to form a boat-shaped structure known as the keel or carina. Hence, vexillum is found in Papilionaceae.

38. (C) Tomato

Explanation: Tomato is a berry fruit. The placenta and pericarp are both edible portions in tomato. The placenta supplies nutrition for the embryo and the pericarp is the remains of the ovular wall. Thus, the correct answer is ‘Tomato’.

39. (B) Samara

Explanation: Samara: It is an achene type of dry single-seeded indehiscent fruit having papery wing-like structures surrounding it. It helps in seed dispersal. A cypsela is a dry indehiscent fruit having hair-like projections called pappus which help in its dispersal by air.  A nut is an indehiscent fruit with hard, woody or leathery pericarp enclosing the seed. Athens is a place and not a fruit.

40. (D) Outer integument

Explanation: Outer integument becomes hard and leathery testa or outer seed coat which ensures the survival of seeds. So, the correct answer is ‘Outer integument’.

41. (D) Style and stigma of Crocus  

Explanation: Saffron is a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, commonly known as the ‘saffron crocus’. Crocus is a genus in the family Iridaceae. ‘Saffron crocus’ grows to 20-30 cm and bears up to four flowers, each with three vivid crimson stigmas, which are the distal end of a carpel. The styles and stigmas are collected and dried to be used mainly as a seasoning and colouring agent in food.

42. (C) Rauwolfia serpentine

Explanation: Reserpine is a drug derived from the roots of the plant Rauwolfia. The powdered whole root of the Indian shrub Rauwolfia serpentina had been used to treat snakebites, insomnia, hypertension (high blood pressure), and insanity.

43. (D) Linum usitatissimum

Explanation: Flax (also known as common flax or linseed), with the binomial name Linum usitatissimum, is a member of the genus Linum in the family Linaceae. It is a food and fibre crop that is grown in cooler regions of the world. In addition to referring to the plant itself, the word “flax” may refer to the unspun fibres of the flax plant.

44. (B) Mesocarp

Explanation: Coir is a natural fibre extracted from the husk of coconut and used in products such as floor mats, doormats, brushes, mattresses, etc. Coir is the fibrous material found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of a coconut.  A coconut, and all drupes, have three layers – the exocarp (outer layer), the mesocarp (fleshy middle layer) and the endocarp (hard, a woody layer that surrounds the seed). An untouched coconut has three layers. The outermost layer, which is typically smooth with a greenish colour, is called the exocarp. The next layer is the fibrous husk or mesocarp, which ultimately surrounds the hard woody layer called the endocarp. The endocarp surrounds the seed. Coir of commerce is obtained from the mesocarp of coconut. 

45. (D) all the above is the correct answer

46. (C) Cytoplasmic hybrids 

Explanation: A cytoplasmic hybrid (or cybrid, a portmanteau of the two words) is a eukaryotic cell line produced by the fusion of a whole-cell with a cytoplast.  

47. (B) DNA polymerase

48. (D) Agrobacterium rhizogenes

Explanation: Agrobacterium rhizogenes is a gram-negative soil-inhabiting bacteria, which produces a condition called ‘hairy roots’ as a result of the modified hormonal balance of the tissue that makes them vigorous and allows it to grow rapidly on artificial media